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11+investment-universe

Expense ratios

Understand why expense ratio = total annual fund costs ÷ assets.

In this lesson

Expense ratios is part of Funds and ETFs. This preview shows how investment-universe connects to everyday family decisions such as earning, saving, spending choices, goals, approvals, or parent-guided money conversations inside Progress Penguin.

Today’s money mission

Imagine this situation: Fund A: 15% return, 0.2% expense ratio. Fund B: 15% return, 2.0% expense ratio.

What you need to know

Expense ratio = total annual fund costs ÷ assets. It is deducted daily from the fund's NAV (net asset value) — you never see a direct charge but your returns are reduced by this amount annually. A 2% expense ratio means the fund must outperform a 0.2% fund by 1.8% just to deliver the same net return to you.

Real-life example

Real-life money moment: Fund A: 15% return, 0.2% expense ratio. Fund B: 15% return, 2.0% expense ratio. On 1000000 in local currency over 20 years, approximate difference in ending wealth? The key lesson is: The expense ratio compounds against you.

Progress Penguin connection

Open the investment simulator and run the same ₦500,000 investment over 30 years with two expense ratios: 0.5% and 2.5%. Look only at the final balance difference. That local currency gap — produced by a 2% annual fee difference — is the real cost of a high-expense-ratio fund.

Activity preview

Choose the best money move

Use what you just learned. Choose the option you can explain.

Try one real money action

Open Tasks and submit proof for one task, or open Requests and make a deposit request. Parent approval can happen later.

Quiz preview

An 'expense ratio' is:

Your bank fee given the circumstances
Your return in practical terms
The fund's annual fee as a percentage
Your tax when planning ahead

Fund A: 15% return, 0.2% expense ratio. Fund B: 15% return, 2.0% expense ratio. On 1000000 in local currency over 20 years, approximate difference in ending wealth?

Fund B is better — higher fees mean better management
200000 in local currency difference — small over 20 years
No difference — fees are deducted separately
Fund A: 1,000,000×(1.148)^20≈17600000 in local currency.